DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIONS IN PIG FEEDING AND KEEPING SYSTEMS AND PROCESSING OF THEIR PRODUCTS IN THE CONTEXT OF AN INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

Abstract

As a result of reconstruction and modernization at the pig-breeding complex, production indicators improved. In particular, the herd size increased by 4.32%, total production by 7.11%, and the average daily weight gain by 5.61%. Production per average annual sow increased by 7.11%, while feed production costs decreased by 6.43% and the cost per piglet decreased by 3.56%.
The enhanced manure utilization technology at the pig-breeding complex, which involves the addition of the microbial decomposer Complezim into underfloor pits, manure storage facilities, and manure collection areas, contributed to the reduction of harmful gas emissions and accelerated manure processing. A method for liquid manure treatment was developed, based on the application of ethanol and cognac stillage at a ratio of 1:8–1:10 relative to the liquid manure. 
The upgraded separator station for solid and liquid fractions of pig manure prevents the release of malodorous gases into the environment and does not negatively affect ecological conditions. Enrichment of the diet of young pigs with vermicompost and biologically active additives improved both growth performance and meat quality. It was found that pigs in the second and third experimental groups exceeded the control group in final live weight by 3.73% and 5.53%, respectively. They also showed higher growth energy by 4.80% and 7.40% and better feed conversion (0.43 and 0.71 kg, respectively). The thickness of backfat at the level of the 6th–7th thoracic vertebra was lower in the second and third groups by 5.85–7.50%, while the area of the longissimus dorsi muscle was larger by 2.83–5.45%.
The weight of the hind third of the carcass and the meat content were highest in the third experimental group (by 7.85% and 4.91%, respectively), whereas fat content was lower than in the control group by 14.52%. The value of additional primary products obtained through the improvement of feed and pork production systems at the industrial complex and breeding farm amounted to UAH 500,545.8 per year.