EPIZOOTOLOGICAL MONITORING OF GASTRO-INTESTINAL NEMATODES OF PIGS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37000/abbsl.2024.111.03Keywords:
pigs, laboratory diagnostics, ascariasis, esophagostomosis, trichurosisAbstract
The causes of gastrointestinal nematodes affecting pigs of different age groups are violations of veterinary, sanitary and hygienic requirements for feeding, maintenance, care and age of animals, which is important considering the development cycles of helminths and the susceptibility to invasion of pigs of a certain age group. Clinically sick animals refuse to take feed, feel thirsty, have diarrhea, muscle tremors, fecal matter with an unpleasant smell, yellow-clay color with the presence of a significant amount of transparent mucus. Animals can die due to dehydration and exhaustion. Studies have established the infestation of pigs with ascaris, trichuris and esophagostomes, where the EI indicator depends on the conditions of feeding, housing, care, timely implementation of preventive anti-epizootic measures to prevent the occurrence of pig diseases. The following types of nematodes, Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum dentatum, Trichuris suis, were identified. The most common parasites were pathogens of Ascaris suum and Oesophagostomum dentatum species. In industrial pig breeding and the private sector of the Dnipropetrovsk region, it was established that a significant incidence of nematodes in pigs (up to 62%) was registered in the private sector. Patients were especially often detected among young pigs during the fattening period (up to 35%). The highest extent and intensity of Ascaris suum infestation was found in young fattening pigs - 33.7±13.6 and piglets aged 2-4 months - 20.4±9.3. The lowest extent and intensity of infestation was noted in suckling piglets, in which infection with Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum dentatum, Trichuris suis was 4.0±0.4, 3.0±0.3 and 1.0±0.2, as well as breeding boars 8.0±4.3, 3.0±0.2 and 1.1±0.3, respectively.
References
Галат В.Ф., Березовський А.В., Сорока Н.М., Прус М.П., Євстаф'єва В.О., Галат М.В. (2014). Глобальна паразитологія / За ред. В.Ф. Галата. К.: ДІА. 568 с.
Дахно І.С., Березовський А.В., Галат В.Ф., Аранчій С.В., Євстаф'єва В.О., Дахно Г.П., Приходько Ю.О. (2001). Атлас гельмінтів тварин. К.: Ветінформ. 118 с.
Євстаф’єва В.О. (2011). Епізоотологія асоціативних інвазій свиней в умовах Лісостепу та Степу України. Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії. № 3. С. 98−100.
Кручиненко О.В., Антіпов А.А. (2020). Порівняння ефективності методів Мак-Мастера та Міні-Флотак за ураження поросят Ascaris suum. Науковий вісник ветеринарної медицини. № 2. С. 85–91.
Мазанна М.Г., Приходько Ю.О., Мазанний О.В., Бирка В.І. (2019). Езофагостомоз свиней: Монографія. Харків. ХДЗВІ. 170 с.
Мельничук В.В., Юськів І.Д. (2018). Трихуроз свиней: Монографія. Полтава: ТОВ НВП “Укрпромторгсервіс”. 126 с.
Пеленьо Р.А., Стибель В.В., Ушкалов В.О. (2015). Стан галузі свинарства у Західному регіоні України та вивчення етіології паразитозів // Ветеринарна медицина. Міжвідом. наук. збірн. Харків. Вип. 100. С. 174–177.
Пономар С.І., Артеменко Л.П., Литвиненко О.П., Гончаренко В.П. (2011). Довідник з лабораторних методів діагностики інвазійних хвороб тварин / за ред. С.І. Пономаря. Біла Церква. 152 с.
Băieş M.-H., Boros Z., Gherman C.M., Spînu M., Mathe A., Pataky S., Lefkaditis M., Cozma V. (2022). Prevalence of Swine Gastrointestinal Parasites in Two Free-Range Farms from Nord-West Region of Romania. Pathogens. № 11. 954. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11090954
Bobardt S.D., Dillman A.R. Nair M.G. (2020). The Two Faces of Nematode Infection: Virulence and Immunomodulatory Molecules From Nematode Parasites of Mammals, Insects and Plants. Front. Microbiol. № 11. 577846. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.577846
Bünger M., Renzhammer R., Joachim A., Hinney B., Brunthaler R., Al Hossan M., Matt J., Nedorost N., Weissenbacher-Lang C., Schwarz L. (2022). Trichurosis on a Conventional Swine Fattening Farm with Extensive Husbandry—A Case Report. Pathogens., 11, 775.
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11070775
Delsart M., Fablet C., Rose N., Répérant J.-M., Blaga R., Dufour B., Pol F. (2022). Descriptive Epidemiology of the Main Internal Parasites on Alternative Pig Farms in France. Journal of Parasitology. № 108 (4). 306-321. doi. 10.1645/21-126
Kapczuk P., Kosik-Bogacka D., Kupnicka P., Metryka E., Simińska D., Rogulska K., Skórka M., Gutowska I., Chlubek D., Baranowska-Bosiacka I. (2020). The influence of selected gastrointestinal parasites on apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells. Biomolecules. № 10(5). 674. doi: 10.3390/biom10050674
Li Y.Z., Hernandez A.D., Major S., Carr R. (2022). Occurrence of Intestinal Parasites and Its Impact on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Pigs Raised Under Near-Organic Conditions. Front. Vet. Sci. № 9. 911561. doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.911561
Pandolfi F., Edwards S.A., Maes D., Kyriazakis I. (2018). Connecting Different Data Sources to Assess the Interconnections between Biosecurity, Health, Welfare, and Performance in Commercial Pig Farms in Great Britain. Front. Vet. Sci. № 5. 41. doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00041
Pettersson E., Sjölund M., Dórea F.C., Osterman Lind E., Grandi G., Jacobson M., Höglund J., Wallgren P. (2021). Gastrointestinal parasites in Swedish pigs: Prevalence and associated risk factors for infection in herds where animal welfare standards are improved. Veterinary Parasitology. Vol. 295. 109459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109459.
Springer A., Wagner L., Koehler S. (2022). Modulation of the porcine intestinal microbiota in the course of Ascaris suum infection. Parasites Vectors. № 15. 433. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05535-w
Symeonidou I., Tassis P., Gelasakis A.Ι., Tzika E.D., Papadopoulos E. (2020). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasite Infections in Greek Swine Farrow-To-Finish Farms. Pathogens. № 9(7). 556. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070556
.Waindok P., Raulf M.-K., Strube C. (2022). Potentials and challenges in the isolation and detection of ascarid eggs in complex environmental matrices. Food and Waterborne Parasitology. Vol. 28. e00174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00174.
