ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF COMMERCIAL PEPPERMINT ESSENTIAL OIL AGAINST SOME GRAM-POSITIVE AND GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37000/abbsl.2023.109.05Keywords:
commercial peppermint essential oil, antibacterial activity, zones of inhibition, disc diffusion technique Kirby-Bauer.Abstract
The authors of this article conducted research and studied the antibacterial properties of commercial peppermint essential oil (PEO) against several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria provided by Polish manufacturers of essential oils (Naturalne Aromaty sp. z o.o., Klaj, Poland). Therefore, to conduct research with the aim of to study the antibacterial properties of commercial peppermint essential oil (PEO), an antimicrobial susceptibility test (Kirby-Bauer diffusion test) was used to measure diameters of bacterial growth inhibition zones). In the current study, Gram-negative strains such as Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers (ATCC® 25922™ ), Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers (ATCC® 35218™ ), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula (ATCC® 27853™ ) and Gram-positive strains such as Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Rosenbach (ATCC® 29213™ ), methicillin-resistant (MRSA), mecA positive Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC® 12493), Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz (ATCC® 51299™ ) (resistant to vancomycin; sensitive to teicoplanin) and Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz (ATCC® 29212™ ) were used. Results of the current study revealed that resistant to the PEO were Gram-negative bacterial strains, such as E. coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers (ATCC® 35218™ ) and P. aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula (ATCC® 27853™ ) strains. The authors found that the diameters of the inhibition zones after application of PEO were similar to the control samples (96% ethanol). It was also found that after the application of REO, the increase in the diameters of the inhibition zones was 60.3% (p < 0.05) for the Escherichia coli strain (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers (ATCC® 25922™ ) compared to control samples (96% ethanol ). Accordingly, Gram-positive strains such as S. aureus subsp. aureus Rosenbach (ATCC® 29213™ ) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (NCTC® 12493) were equally resistant to PEO, similarly. On the other hand, Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz (ATCC® 29212™ ) and Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) Schleifer and Kilpper-Balz (ATCC® 51299™ ) were sensitive to PEO. After the application of PEO, the largest diameters of inhibition zones were observed for the E. faecalis strain. The results suggest that commercial peppermint essential oil provided by Polish essential oil manufacturers (Naturalne Aromaty sp. z o.o., Kłaj, Poland) possesses some noteworthy antimicrobial properties. In vivo studies are necessary to calculate the effective dose of EOs and determine their possible side effects and toxicity.
References
Abdel-Wareth, A.A.A., Kehraus, S., & Südekum, K. H. (2019). Peppermint and its respective active component in diets of broiler chickens: growth performance, viability, economics, meat physicochemical properties, and carcass characteristics. Poultry Science, 98(9), 3850–3859. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez099.
Aperce, C. C., Amachawadi, R., Van Bibber-Krueger, C. L., Nagaraja, T. G., Scott, H. M., Vinasco-Torre, J., & Drouillard, J. S. (2016). Effects of Menthol Supplementation in Feedlot Cattle Diets on the Fecal Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli. PloS One, 11(12), e0168983. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168983.
Badea, M. L., Iconaru, S. L., Groza, A., Chifiriuc, M. C., Beuran, M., & Predoi, D. (2019). Peppermint Essential Oil-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles with Antimicrobial Properties. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24(11), 2169. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24112169.
Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Sherris, J.C., & Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4), 493–496.
Behnam, S., Farzaneh, M., Ahmadzadeh, M., & Tehrani, A. S. (2006). Composition and antifungal activity of essential oils of Mentha piperita and Lavendula angustifolia on post-harvest phytopathogens. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, 71(3 Pt. B), 1321–1326.
Briggs, C. (1993). Peppermint: Medicinal herb and flavoring agent. Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal, 126, 89–92.
Camele, I., Gruľová, D., & Elshafie, H. S. (2021). Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Mentha × piperita cv. 'Kristinka' Essential Oil. Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 10(8), 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081567.
Castillo-Lopez, E., Rivera-Chacon, R., Ricci, S., Petri, R. M., Reisinger, N., & Zebeli, Q. (2021). Short-term screening of multiple phytogenic compounds for their potential to modulate chewing behavior, ruminal fermentation profile, and pH in cattle fed grain-rich diets. Journal of Dairy Science, 104(4), 4271–4289. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-19521.
Desam, N. R., Al-Rajab, A. J., Sharma, M., Mary Moses, M., Reddy, G. R., & Albratty, M. (2017). Chemical constituents, in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of Mentha piperita L. (Peppermint) essential oils. Journal of King Saud University – Science, 31, 528–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2017.07.013.
Giannenas, I., Bonos, E., Skoufos, I., Tzora, A., Stylianaki, I., Lazari, D., Tsinas, A., Christaki, E., & Florou-Paneri, P. (2018). Effect of herbal feed additives on performance parameters, intestinal microbiota, intestinal morphology and meat lipid oxidation of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 59(5), 545–553.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2018.1483577.
Herro, E., & Jacob, S. E. (2010). Mentha piperita (peppermint). Dermatitis: Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug, 21(6), 327–329.
Hussain, A. I., Anwar, F., Nigam, P. S., Ashraf, M., & Gilani, A. H. (2010). Seasonal variation in content, chemical composition and antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils from four Mentha species. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(11), 1827–1836. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4021.
Inouye, S., Takizawa, T., & Yamaguchi, H. (2001). Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major constituents against respiratory tract pathogens by gaseous contact. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 47(5), 565–573. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/47.5.565.
Işcan, G., Kirimer, N., Kürkcüoğlu, M., Başer, K. H., & Demirci, F. (2002). Antimicrobial screening of Mentha piperita essential oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(14), 3943–3946. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011476k.
Maffei, M., & Sacco, T. (1987). Chemical and Morphometrical Comparison Between two Peppermint Notomorphs. Planta Medica, 53(2), 214–216. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-962675.
Mahendran, G., & Rahman, L. U. (2020). Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological updates on Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) – A review. Phytotherapy Research: PTR, 34(9), 2088–2139. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6664.
McKay, D. L., & Blumberg, J. B. (2006). A review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of peppermint tea (Mentha piperita L.). Phytotherapy Research: PTR, 20(8), 619–633. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1936.
Metin, S., Didinen, B. I., Telci, I., & Diler, O. (2021). Essential oil of Mentha suaveolens Ehrh., composition and antibacterial activity against bacterial fish pathogens. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 93(Suppl. 3), e20190478. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120190478.
Patra, A. K., Geiger, S., Braun, H. S., & Aschenbach, J. R. (2019). Dietary supplementation of menthol-rich bioactive lipid compounds alters circadian eating behaviour of sheep. BMC Veterinary Research, 15(1), 352. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2109-0.
Patra, A. K., Park, T., Braun, H. S., Geiger, S., Pieper, R., Yu, Z., & Aschenbach, J. R. (2019). Dietary Bioactive Lipid Compounds Rich in Menthol Alter Interactions Among Members of Ruminal Microbiota in Sheep. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 2038. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02038.
Prestinaci, F., Pezzotti, P., & Pantosti, A. (2015). Antimicrobial resistance: a global multifaceted phenomenon. Pathogens and Global Health, 109(7), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.1179/2047773215Y.0000000030.
Rachitha, P., Krupashree, K., Jayashree, G. V., Gopalan, N., & Khanum, F. (2017). Growth Inhibition and Morphological Alteration of Fusarium sporotrichioides by Mentha piperita Essential Oil. Pharmacognosy Research, 9(1), 74–79. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.199771.
Ricci, S., Rivera-Chacon, R., Petri, R. M., Sener-Aydemir, A., Sharma, S., Reisinger, N., Zebeli, Q., & Castillo-Lopez, E. (2021). Supplementation With Phytogenic Compounds Modulates Salivation and Salivary Physico-Chemical Composition in Cattle Fed a High-Concentrate Diet. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 645529. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.645529.
Rivera-Chacon, R., Castillo-Lopez, E., Ricci, S., Petri, R. M., Reisinger, N., & Zebeli, Q. (2022). Supplementing a Phytogenic Feed Additive Modulates the Risk of Subacute Rumen Acidosis, Rumen Fermentation and Systemic Inflammation in Cattle Fed Acidogenic Diets. Animals: an open access journal from MDPI, 12(9), 1201. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12091201.
Salam, M.A., Al-Amin, M.Y., Salam, M.T., Pawar, J.S., Akhter, N., Rabaan, A.A., & Alqumber, M.A.A. (2023). Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 11(13), 1946.
https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131946.
Salehi, B., Stojanović-Radić, Z., Matejić, J., Sharopov, F., Antolak, H., Kręgiel, D., Sen, S., Sharifi-Rad, M., Acharya, K., Sharifi-Rad, R., Martorell, M., Sureda, A., Martins, N., & Sharifi-Rad, J. (2018). Plants of Genus Mentha: From Farm to Food Factory. Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 7(3), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants7030070.
Schelz, Z., Molnar, J., & Hohmann, J. (2006). Antimicrobial and antiplasmid activities of essential oils. Fitoterapia, 77(4), 279–285.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2006.03.013.
Schmidt, E., Bail, S., Buchbauer, G., Stoilova, I., Atanasova, T., Stoyanova, A., Krastanov, A., & Jirovetz, L. (2009). Chemical composition, olfactory evaluation and antioxidant effects of essential oil from Mentha x piperita. Natural Product Communications, 4(8), 1107–1112.
Shazdehahmadi, F., Pournajaf, A., Kazemi, S., & Ghasempour, M. (2023). Determining the Antibacterial Effect of Mentha Longifolia Essential Oil on Cariogenic Bacteria and Its Compounds: an in vitro Study. Journal of Dentistry (Shiraz, Iran), 24(1 Suppl.), 146–154. https://doi.org/10.30476/dentjods.2022.92992.1688.
Soković, M. D., Vukojević, J., Marin, P. D., Brkić, D. D., Vajs, V., & van Griensven, L. J. (2009). Chemical composition of essential oils of Thymus and Mentha species and their antifungal activities. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 14(1), 238–249. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14010238.
Su, Y. H., & Lin, J. Y. (2022a). Menthone Inhalation Alleviates Local and Systemic Allergic Inflammation in Ovalbumin-Sensitized and Challenged Asthmatic Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(7), 4011. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23074011.
Su, Y. H., & Lin, J. Y. (2022b). Menthone supplementation protects from allergic inflammation in the lungs of asthmatic mice. European Journal of Pharmacology, 931, 175222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175222
Tkachenko, H., Opryshko, M. ., Gyrenko, O. ., Maryniuk, M. ., Buyun, L. ., & Kurhaluk, N. . (2022). Antibacterial Properties of Commercial Lavender Essential Oil against Some Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria. Agrobiodiversity for Improving Nutrition, Health and Life Quality, 6(2). https://agrobiodiversity.uniag.sk/scientificpapers/article/view/455
Tullio, V., Roana, J., Scalas, D., & Mandras, N. (2019). Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of Mentha x piperita (Lamiaceae) of Pancalieri (Turin, Italy) Essential Oil and Its Synergistic Interaction with Azoles. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24(17), 3148. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24173148.
Van Bibber-Krueger, C. L., Miller, K. A., Aperce, C. C., Alvarado-Gilis, C. A., Higgins, J. J., & Drouillard, J. S. (2016). Effects of crystalline menthol on blood metabolites in Holstein steers and in vitro volatile fatty acid and gas production. Journal of Animal Science, 94(3), 1170–1178. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2015-8779.
Zaidi, S., & Dahiya, P. (2015). In vitro antimicrobial activity, phytochemical analysis and total phenolic content of essential oil from Mentha spicata and Mentha piperita. International Food Research Journal, 22(6), 2440–2445.
Zar, J.H. (1999). Biostatistical Analysis. 4th ed., Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Zhao, H., Ren, S., Yang, H., Tang, S., Guo, C., Liu, M., Tao, Q., Ming, T., & Xu, H. (2022). Peppermint essential oil: its phytochemistry, biological activity, pharmacological effect and application. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 154, 113559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113559.
