DYNAMICS OF BIOMETRIC INDICATORS AND YIELD OF SALVIA HISPANICA L. DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZATION BACKGROUND
Keywords:
chia, 1000-seed weight, productivity, germination, niche crop.Abstract
The article presents the research results on the effect of various mineral fertilizer rates on the growth processes, phenological development, and productivity of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) plants under the conditions of the North-Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in 2025. The experiment included a control (without fertilizers) and four variants with complete mineral nutrition (N15P15K15, N30P30K30, N45P45K45, N60P60K60). It was established that the application of mineral fertilizers affects the duration of inter-phase periods and the total duration of the culture’s growing season, as well as leads to an increase in plant height.
A non-linear nature of the effect of the studied doses on the generative sphere and productivity of chia was revealed. In particular, the highest number of inflorescences per plant was formed with the application of a moderate rate of N15P15K15. At the same time, the 1000-seed weight proved to be a conservative, genetically determined trait and showed no statistically significant differences depending on the fertilizer background.
The highest total seed yield was provided by the application of fertilizers at a dose of N30P30K30 ( t/ha) and in the control option ( t/ha). A further increase in agricultural background rates (N45P45K45, N60P60K60) led to growth depression and a decrease in productivity, which confirms the economic and ecological impracticality of using excessive rates of mineral fertilizers for growing chia in the region.
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