IMPROVEMENT OF ELEMENTS OF MAIZE GRAIN PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Keywords:
maize, hybrid, mineral nutrition, thousand-kernel weight, Right-Bank Forest- Steppe, yield.Abstract
The article presents the features of improving the elements of maize grain production technology under the soil and climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to increase the stability of maize grain production under unstable moisture conditions and increasing costs of material and technical resources. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the hybrid and mineral nutrition background on the formation of maize thousand-kernel weight. Field studies were conducted in 2024–2025 at the experimental field of Uman National University in Cherkasy Oblast. The soil of the experimental plot was podzolized medium-loamy chernozem. Winter wheat was the preceding crop, and primary tillage was performed by ploughing to a depth of 27–30 cm. The medium-early maize hybrids DN Khotyn and Davis were studied under three mineral nutrition backgrounds: without fertilizers, N₁₂₀P₆₀K₆₀, and N₁₅₀P₉₀K₉₀. It was found that an increase in the mineral nutrition level contributed to the formation of better-filled kernels in both hybrids. Under the control treatment, thousand-kernel weight was 265.0 g in DN Khotyn and 269.0 g in Davis. Application of N₁₂₀P₆₀K₆₀ increased the indicator to 300.0 and 312.0 g, respectively, while application of N₁₅₀P₉₀K₉₀ increased it to 316.0 and 322.0 g. The highest thousand-kernel weight was formed by the Davis hybrid under the highest mineral nutrition background. The DN Khotyn hybrid also provided a stable increase in kernel filling after fertilizer application. Therefore, the selection of adaptive hybrids and the use of balanced mineral nutrition are effective directions for improving maize grain production technology under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
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