RABBIT HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE: FROM EPIZOOTIC CHALLENGES TO EFFECTIVE CONTROL STRATEGIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37000/abbsl.2026.119.17Keywords:
rabbit hemorrhagic disease; RHDV; RHDV2; epizootology; pathogenesis; diagnostics; infection control; biosecurity; vaccination.Abstract
The article summarizes current scientific data on rabbit hemorrhagic disease as one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in rabbit production. The history of the discovery and global spread of the pathogen, as well as the features of its evolution, genetic variability, and the emergence of new variants, including RHDV2 (GI.2), are analyzed. The etiological and molecular biological characteristics of the virus, the mechanisms of its pathogenicity, and its interaction with the host immune system are considered.
Particular attention is paid to the epizootological aspects of the infection, including the role of different transmission routes, environmental factors, and mechanical vectors, particularly insects, in the spread of the virus. The features of pathogenesis, clinical forms, and age-related susceptibility of animals depending on the pathogen genotype are described. An analysis of modern diagnostic methods is presented, including molecular biological technologies that ensure high sensitivity and specificity in virus detection.
The study provides a comparative characterization of rabbit hemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis, identifying their common and distinctive features. The economic consequences of the infection are evaluated, including direct and indirect losses, as well as its impact on animal population dynamics and ecosystems.
Modern strategies for disease control are analyzed, based on the combination of vaccination, biosecurity measures, laboratory diagnostics, and epizootic monitoring. The main current challenges associated with viral evolution, its global spread, interspecies transmission, and the limited effectiveness of existing vaccines are identified. Promising directions for further research and improvement of infection control systems are outlined.
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