SYMBIOTIC MICROFLORA IN MASTITIS OF HIGH-YIELDING COWS

Abstract

Mastitis in cows still remains a serious problem of veterinary medicine. Economic losses from mastitis in dairy farming exceed losses from all non-communicable diseases combined. The use of antibiotics has a number of negative effects on both the mammary gland and the cow's body as a whole. The search for non-antibiotic drugs with a high therapeutic effect is a priority task of veterinary science and practice. The aim of the study was to establish the therapeutic efficacy of the probiotic Multibacterin for mastitis in cows for oral and intracisternal use. On the basis of an industrial dairy complex-reproducer for breeding cattle of the Ukrainian red dairy breed, a scientific and production study was conducted on dry and lactating cows with a productivity of 30 kg of milk per day in 2024-2025. The study used analytical, structural-comparative and statistical methods, a microscopic test for counting the total number of somatic cells by the Prescott and Breed method, a bacterial method for indicating and identifying microorganisms, biochemical and immunological studies of blood and milk using the Hitachi 902 biochemical selective automatic analyzer. The studies found that oral administration of Multibacterin at a dose of 15 ml with feed to cows suffering from mastitis during the start-up and dry period causes a corresponding cellular and humoral reaction of the body, which manifests itself in the first 10 days by a decrease in the total number of leukocytes from 5.7 to 2.9 billion/ml, lymphocytes by 6.8%, hematocrit by 7.8%, an increase in the bactericidal activity of blood serum by 10% and the beginning of the production of specific antibodies to Bac.pulvifaciens (titer 1:35). In patients with clinical mastitis of lactating cows, the use of Multibacterin contributed to an increase in immunoglobulins of class A and G in milk, as well as the amount of total protein. The therapeutic efficacy of Multibacterin in clinical mastitis of cows was 60.5-80.7%, while the efficacy of antimastitis drugs of industrial production (brovamast D, masticide) was 13.8-21.7% lower.