THE STATE OF PROOXIDANT-ANTIOXIDANT HOMEOSTASIS IN THE BLOOD OF GOATS DEPENDING ON THE SEASON
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37000/abbsl.2025.116.20Keywords:
goats, blood, diene conjugates, TBA-reactive substances, peroxidation, prooxidant–antioxidant homeostasis.Abstract
Hematological parameters in goats largely reflect their overall metabolic and physiological status and may also serve as prognostic indicators of potential productivity, including growth intensity, reproductive capacity, and milk yield. In this context, the aim of the present study was to investigate the state of prooxidant–antioxidant homeostasis in the blood of goats of different breeds depending on the season.
The study involved three groups of goats of different breeds: Saanen, Anglo-Nubian, and Alpine, with 15 animals in each group, aged 3–4 years. The experiment was conducted over one year during different seasons. Throughout the study period, animals were kept under similar housing conditions and were fed a standard diet.
The intensity of lipid peroxidation in goat blood was assessed by the concentrations of diene conjugates and TBA-reactive substances. The antioxidant system was evaluated based on the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as the content of reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid, and dehydroascorbic acid.
It was established that seasonal and breed-specific factors significantly influenced the formation of prooxidant–antioxidant homeostasis in goat blood. In the summer period, under heat stress conditions, the concentration of diene conjugates increased significantly in Alpine and Saanen goats by 18.40% and 13.84%, respectively, compared to the spring period. However, during winter, the level of this metabolite markedly decreased in Alpine goats (by 39.5%) but increased in Anglo-Nubian goats (by 28.3%) relative to autumn values. This indicates that Anglo-Nubian goats are particularly sensitive to cold stress, while Alpine goats are the most adapted, with interbreed differences in diene conjugate content reaching 85.71% (P < 0.01).
The study also revealed that Saanen goats demonstrated the most stable enzymatic antioxidant defense against both heat and cold stress, whereas Anglo-Nubian goats exhibited high variability. Moreover, the blood of Anglo-Nubian goats was the least enriched in low-molecular-weight antioxidants, such as reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid.
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