ADAPTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF SOWS OF THE ½ LARGE WHITE × ½ LANDRAS MIX: EMPHASIS ON SELECTION OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE ANIMALS BY THE Kh2 INDEX
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37000/abbsl.2025.116.19Keywords:
sow, breed, combination, adaptive and productive qualities, index, variability, correlation, value of additional production.Abstract
The article presents the results of studies on the adaptive-productive traits of sows from the ½ Large White × ½ Landrace cross and data on calculating the economic efficiency of using them in an industrial complex. Research was carried out at the Druzhba-Kaznacheyevka agricultural enterprise in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast and in the livestock laboratory of the State Institution “Institute of Cereal Crops” of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences (NAAS). The work was performed under NAAS research programme No. 31 “Genetic improvement of agricultural animals, their reproduction and preservation of biodiversity” (Genetics, preservation and reproduction of biological resources in livestock).It was established that sows of the ½ Large White × ½ Landrace combination have a lifespan of 38.3 months, a breeding-use duration of 28.3 months, a litter size of 10.5, and a litter mass at weaning at 28 days of 74.1 kg; their adaptive-productive quality index ranges from 21.32 to 119.57 points. A statistically significant difference between animals of different differentiation according to the adaptive-productive quality index Kh 2 was found for lifespan (18.6–28.1 months), breeding-use duration (17.5–26.5 months), number of farrowings (2.9–4.7), live piglets (33.7–53.6), litter size (0.4–0.7), litter mass at weaning at 28 days (4.6–7.1 kg) and the SIVYAS index (4.01–6.85 points).The highest piglet survival rate to weaning at 28 days (94.1 %) was observed in the third experimental group's sows. The number of significant pairwise correlation coefficients between the Kh 2 adaptive-productive index, lifespan, duration of breeding use, and the reproductive qualities of the ½ Large White × ½ Landrace sows is 50.0 %. The greatest increase in additional production was obtained from sows in the first experimental group (Kh 2 = 70.19–119.57 points); it amounted to +4.65 %, and its value equalled +240.12 UAH per head per farrowing. The selection criterion for sows with high adaptive and productive qualities is animals whose Kh 2 index is 70.19 points or more.
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