TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR FEEDING MANAGEMENT OF HIGH-PRODUCTIVE COWS UNDER HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37000/abbsl.2025.115.16Keywords:
high-yielding cows, feeding, feed mixture, feeding regime, milk productivity, heat stress, air temperatureAbstract
The current issue of increasing the efficiency of feeding high-yielding cows in the summer under conditions of heat stress, which negatively affects feed consumption, nitrogen balance, health and productivity of animals, is highlighted. The aim of the study was to reduce the negative impact of high temperatures on the body of cows by shifting the time of the main feeding to cooler periods of the day. The experiment was conducted at the “Agrarian firm Petrodolynske” in the summer of 2024 on a technological group of 85 Holstein cows. It was established that when the air temperature increases above +25 °C, and especially above 29 °C, there is a decrease in feed consumption, which directly correlates with a decrease in milk yield. The main attention is paid to optimizing technological solutions in the feeding system, in particular, the mode of distributing the feed mixture throughout the day. During the experimental period, the traditional feeding regime was changed: 80% of the ration was distributed in the morning (5:00–6:00) and evening (21:00–22:00) hours, which made it possible to ensure that the feed was eaten in more comfortable conditions. Analysis of the results showed that the average daily feed consumption is inversely proportional to the air temperature (r = –0.769, p < 0.001), and the rate of morning temperature increase has the greatest influence on daily feed consumption (r = –0.780, p < 0.001). The data obtained showed that changing the time of feeding feed to cooler periods of the day contributes to an increase in the level of feed consumption, maintaining productivity and reducing negative manifestations of heat stress. Thus, in particular, in the experimental period, an increase in feed consumption was recorded compared to the control period - the amount of residues on the feed table decreased on average from 3.37 kg to 2.13 kg per head/day, or by 3.27% of the amount of feed given. Thus, the proposed technological solution can be an effective means of adapting the feeding system of high-yielding cows to the conditions of a changing climate, allowing to minimize economic losses and increase the overall efficiency of dairy production in the summer period.
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