ANALYSIS OF BLUETONGIC INCIDENCE IN THE WORLD FOR THE PERIOD 2020-2025
Keywords:
bluetongue, epizootic situation, pathogen, insects, transmissible diseasesAbstract
Monitoring studies have been conducted on the spread of bluetongue in countries around the world from 2020 to 2025.
The distribution of the bluetongue pathogen in the world was determined by analyzing data from the World Organization for Animal Health.
The spread of the bluetongue pathogen was mainly through vectors - midges of the genus Culicoides. The causative agent of the disease was diagnosed in the following animals: cattle, sheep, goats, domestic camels, domestic and red deer, fallow deer, mouflon, Pyrenean chamois, and western roe deer.
It was found that between 2020 and 2025, the disease was recorded in 23 countries around the world. In 2020, blue tang was recorded in 7 countries: Switzerland, Cyprus, Germany, Algeria, North Macedonia, Romania, and Luxembourg. In 2021, the disease was observed in 8 European countries: Serbia, Romania, Switzerland, Spain, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Portugal, Germany, and one African country: Algeria. In 2022, 6 countries were unfavorable for bluetongue: Albania, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, Bulgaria, Mayotte. In 2023, the disease was recorded in Montenegro and Cyprus. The disease spread and in 2024 was detected in 14 countries: Great Britain, Denmark, Iraq, Italy, Spain, Luxembourg, Germany, the Netherlands, Palestine, North Macedonia, Portugal, Switzerland, Sweden and Croatia.
An analysis of reports from the World Organization for Animal Health over five years showed that 467184 favorable animals were registered, of which 147094 (31.49 %) were registered in 2020, 9278 (19.9 %) in 2021, 11786 (2.52 %) in 2022, 1378 (0.29 %) in 2023, and 297648 (63.71 %) in 2024. The number of cases of the disease was 21022, of which 4620 (21.98 %) were in 2020, 173 (0.83 %) in 2021, 264 (1.26 %) in 2022, 20 (0.09 %) in 2023, and 15945 (75.84 %) in 2024. The total number of animal deaths was 5706 animals, of which 1699 (29.78 %) were in 2020, 8 (0.14 %) in 2021, 52 (0.91 %) in 2022, and 3947 (69.17 %) in 2024.
In the first quarter of 2025, 481821 cases were registered, of which the number of susceptible animals was 467057 (96.9 %), the number of diseases was 12354 (2.6 %), and deaths were 2410 (0.5 %).
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