АTOPIC DERMATITIS IN DOGS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

In recent years, skin diseases in dogs and cats occupy one of the leading places among the diseases that are found in these types of animals. Significant relevance of the topic is evidenced by the fact that skin diseases in dogs are recorded relatively often - in 30-45% of all animals diseases these species. The aim of this work was to review the literature concerning atopic dermatitis in dogs. The article provides overview materials regarding atopic dermatitis in dogs: distribution, pedigree predisposition, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Dog's atopic dermatitis (ADS) is a genetically caused itchy skin inflammation with characteristic clinical signs associated with the formation of IgE antibodies, usually directed against environmental allergens. According to statistics, about 10% of the entire canine population suffers from this disease more or less. Dogs with atopic and contact allergies are found around the world. However, the types of allergens vary greatly depending on the region and  reflect  differences in climatic conditions and type of vegetation in different countries. Such breeds as Labradors, Pugs, French bulldogs, Sharpei, Scotch terriers and others are more susceptible to atopic dermatitis. The clinical picture of atopic dermatitis indicates the multifactorial nature of this disease, which is often complicated by self-injury and concomitant secondary infections. The most characteristic symptoms of atopic dermatitis are itching and skin erythema. First of all, the treatment involves controlling the concomitant and secondary diseases accompanying or associated with atopic dermatitis, such as microbial infections (bacteria or Malassezia), allergic flea dermatitis, food allergic reactions, keratinization disorders, externa otitis, pyotraumatic dermatitis. Preparations used to treat the disease have been presented in the article as well as drugs that are recognized as ineffective. Combination therapy is the best method that should be selected individually in each case of the disease.